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2torial #0853:
Learn2 Tune a Guitar (Continued)
Tune the 6th string
You start the tuning process with the sixth
string (the thickest one). Here you have two
options. Relative tuning is suitable for the
beginner guitarist, or for the intermediate
guitarist who's feeling a bit lazy. Concert, or
absolute tuning, is for more experienced guitarists
who are playing with other musicians, or for the
very keen beginner guitar player. Actually, concert
tuning isn't much more difficult to do, but if a
beginner should avoid taking on too many challenges
and possibly becoming frustrated.
Relative tuning
This method doesn't use an external source to
certify that, for example, the sixth string is
vibrating at exactly the right speed.
- Instead, you pick a tone that sounds and
feels good. It should be a nice deep
tone, but listen for the signs of
excessively low string tension. If a string is
too low, it'll rattle on the frets or make a
buzzing sound. If you hear that, tighten up the
tuning peg for the sixth string until you hear
the pitch rise and the buzz disappear.
- If the string is difficult to press down, or
heaven forbid, the tuning peg is difficult to
turn, you've overtightened the string and you
need to loosen the tension. If you've
overtightened the string, loosen the string
slowly or the sudden change of tension may
cause the string to break.
Concert tuning:
With concert tuning you use a separate device to
determine the absolutely correct tone for that
string, no matter what guitar you play with or
where you are in the world. Examples of such
devices are tuning forks, pitch pipes, or a piano
that is in tune.
- Let's say you're using a tuning fork.
Take a look at it and see what letter is written
on it--usually A but sometimes E. You'll be
producing a tone with the tuning fork and
matching the string to that tone. Use an A
tuning fork to tune the 5th string, or an E fork
for the sixth string.
- Strike the fork on some firm but
soft-edged surface, like your knee. (You
never want to strike a tuning fork on something
rigid like a bookshelf or a chair leg--that'll
eventually ding up the tuning fork and impair
its tone.)
- Quickly do these two actions: place
the base of tuning fork (not the forked part) on
the guitar just by the strings. You should hear
the sound of the tuning fork resonate in the
guitar. Very soon after that, play the string
that matches the pitch of the tuning fork. If
it's an A fork, you're tuning the 5th string
with it. Afterwards you'll go on to tune the 6th
string by matching it with the 5th string. If
it's an E fork, tune the 6th string, and tune
the rest of the strings as you would with
relative tuning.
- And most important! Any time you try
to match two tones (one which is correct and the
other which isn't) start the out-of-tune string
lower than the tuning fork's tone. That
is, loosen the out-of-tune string until it's
lower (much lower, if you're not sure you're
going in the right direction) than the correct
tone. You should always arrive at the right
tone from below (by tightening a string
that's too loose) and not from above (by
loosening a string that's too tight).
Step
4
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